Chú thích Kohl

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hardy A, Walton R, Vaishnav R., Int J Environ Health Res. 2004 Feb;14(1):83–91. Composition of eye cosmetics (kohls) used in Cairo.
  2. ↑ Strong's Concordance H3583
  3. ↑ Kay Lazar Folk remedy linked to baby’s high lead levels Lưu trữ 2013-01-18 tại Archive.today, Boston Globe, ngày 2 tháng 8 năm 2012.
  4. 1 2 Studies in Ancient Technology, Volume III, (Brill Archive), p.18.
  5. ↑ Isaac, Michael (2004). A Historical Atlas of Oman. The Rosen Publishing Group. tr. 14. ISBN 0823945006. Truy cập ngày 5 tháng 9 năm 2014.
  6. ↑ Martin Watt, Wanda Sellar (2012). Frankincense & Myrrh: Through the Ages, and a complete guide to their use in herbalism and aromatherapy today. Random House. tr. 24. ISBN 1446490777. Truy cập ngày 11 tháng 11 năm 2016.
  7. ↑ Simon Swain, George Boys-Stones (2007). Seeing the Face, Seeing the Soul: Polemon's Physiognomy from Classical Antiquity to Medieval Islam. Oxford University Press. tr. 277. ISBN 0199291535.
  8. ↑ Many Mirrors: Body Image and Social Relations. Nicole Landry Sault.
  9. ↑ Katheryne S. Loughran, Somalia in word and image, (Foundation for Cross Cultural Understanding: 1986), p.166.
  10. ↑ Sergew Hable Selassie, Ancient and medieval Ethiopian history to 1270, (Printed by United Printers: 1972), p.26.
  11. ↑ Alan Donovan, My journey through African Heritage, (Kenway Publications: 2004), p.62.
  12. 1 2 IslamQA fatwa 44696: "Pure kohl is beneficial to the eyes and is not harmful" retrieved ngày 18 tháng 9 năm 2015
  13. ↑ “Merdeka: "Tradisi unik muslim Yaman rias mata dengan kohl saat Ramadan"”. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 22 tháng 3 năm 2019. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 7 năm 2017.
  14. ↑ "Proverb of the day: Instead of applying kohl to her eyes, he blinded her" Ahram Online. Friday ngày 3 tháng 7 năm 2015
  15. ↑ Wall Street Journal: "KOHL IN HIS EYE: A man winced as kohl was applied to his eyelids at the Grand Mosque during the Muslim holy fasting month of Ramadan in San’a, Yemen ngày 27 tháng 7 năm 2013
  16. ↑ New York Times: "In Islam, a Long Tradition Against Depicting the Prophet" by Associated Press ngày 14 tháng 1 năm 2015 | "Hardcore Salafis ((the terrorists) extreme reformed Muslims) wear a beard without a moustache, let their hair grow long, line their eyes with kohl or wear robes stopping around mid-shin, contending that was the prophet's manner"
  17. ↑ Daily Mail: "Former terror suspect well known to the FBI is named as one of two gunmen shot dead by cops after attack on anti-Islam 'draw Muhammad' art contest near Dallas" by WILLS ROBINSON ngày 3 tháng 5 năm 2015
  18. ↑ Muslim Village: "The early Muslims of Sham and the 15th of Sha’ban" ngày 2 tháng 6 năm 2015 | They would wear their best clothes, put kohl on their eyes, perfume themselves using incense and then spend that night in the mosque
  19. ↑ Mahmood ZA, Zoha SM, Usmanghani K, Hasan MM, Ali O, Jahan S, Saeed A, Zaihd R, Zubair M.,Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., Vol.22, No.1, January 2009, pp. 107–122. "KOHL (SURMA): RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT"
  20. ↑ Li-Yun C, Wen H, Jian-Feng H and Jian-Peng W (2008). "Influence of deposition voltage on properties of lead sulfide thin film." American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 87(6): 9101–9104
  21. 1 2 3 4 Hardy AD, Vaishnav R, Al-Kharusi SS, Sutherland HH, Worthing MA., J Ethnopharmacol. 1998 Apr;60(3):223–34. "Composition of eye cosmetics (kohls) used in Oman."
  22. ↑ al-Hazzaa SA, Krahn PM., Int Ophthalmol. 1995;19(2):83–8. "Kohl: a hazardous eyeliner."
  23. ↑ Parry C, Eaton J., Environ Health Perspect. 1991 Aug;94:121–3. "Kohl: a lead-hazardous eye makeup from the Third World to the First World."
  24. ↑ Alkhawajah AM. "Alkohl use in Saudi Arabia: Extent of use and possible lead toxicity." Tropical Geographical Medicine, 1992 Oct; 44(4):373–7.
  25. ↑ Al-Saleh I, Nester M. DeVol E, Shinwari N, Al-Shahria S. "Determinants of blood lead levels in Saudi Arabian schoolgirls." International Journal of Environmental Health, 1999 Apr–Jun; 5(2):107–14.
  26. ↑ Nir A, Tamir A, Nelnik N, Iancu TC. "Is eye cosmetic a source of lead poisoning?" Israel Journal of Medical Science, 1992 Jul; 28(7):417–21.
  27. ↑
    1. Rahbar MH, White F, Agboatwalla M, Hozhbari S, and Luby S. "Factors associated with elevated blood lead concentrations in children in Karachi, Pakistan." Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2002, 80(10):769–775.
  28. ↑ National Geographic "Cleopatra's eye makeup"
  29. ↑ Tapsoba, et al. Journal of Analytic Chemistry 2010 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ac902348g
  30. ↑ “Ophthalmology of the Pharaohs: Antimicrobial Kohl Eyeliner in Ancient Egypt - Body Horrors”. Body Horrors. Truy cập 26 tháng 7 năm 2017.
  31. ↑ “Kohl, Kajal, Al-Kahal, or Surma: By Any Name, a Source of Lead Poisoning”. Food and Drug Administration. Truy cập ngày 5 tháng 8 năm 2012.

Tài liệu tham khảo

WikiPedia: Kohl http://articles.boston.com/2012-08-03/news/3299340... http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/bodyhorrors/2012... http://www.merdeka.com/ramadan/foto/005/tradisi-un... http://muslimvillage.com/2015/06/02/54177/the-earl... http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/01/10... http://www.speakbindas.com/kohl-the-dark-world/ http://blogs.wsj.com/photojournal/2013/07/27/photo... http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/32/98/1344... http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/ProductandIngredientS... http://islamqa.info/en/44696